Another section of the Botanical Garden represents the South African region. Here we find some species used in current Mediterranean gardening and others like polygala that have long been part of the plant palette of gardens with mild winters.
Polygala myrtifolia belongs to the Polygalaceae family, it is a pioneer plant native to South Africa. In its natural habitat it is found in dunes, rocky slopes, forests and along streams, shrublands and open grasslands. As an ornamental plant, it is cultivated mainly for its rich purple flowering that resembles legumes.
The genus name Polygala is an ancient compound name of Greek origin, referring to the production of milky secretions in the leaves; while the name myrtifolia comes from the growth of thin stems and branches densely covered with leaves resembling myrtle.
The **_Polygala myrtifolia 'grandiflora'_** is a very attractive plant, with a compact habit and evergreen leaves. It can reach 2 m in height and 1.5 m in width under optimal conditions. It is a shrub with oval light green leaves and purple flowers that develop in small groups. The flowering period is very long, beginning in April and lasting until November.
It is a fast-growing shrub, capable of developing well in adverse weather conditions, it can grow both in full sun and under light shade. Its ideal habitat is hardiness zone 9 with full sun exposure; since in shade its growth is weak and flowers less abundant.
It prefers a slightly moist substrate but with a good drainage base, in order to avoid waterlogging in the soil, and tolerates temperatures down to -7°C. As for watering, requirements are minimal but during the full growth period somewhat more abundant watering may be necessary.
It is advisable to plant polygala in early spring, before drought periods, and cover it with a good layer of mulch. If winter is particularly severe, it is recommended to pinch the stems at the beginning of spring. It has no tendency to suffer from notable pests or diseases, although it may be susceptible to whitefly.
Polygala myrtifolia is a very suitable plant for low-maintenance gardens. It can be used in rock gardens, in masses or as an isolated specimen and works well as a windbreak. It is a hardy and attractive shrub, capable of adapting to most gardens and also works very well grown in planters or pots.
Images: M. Galante / plantasyjardin.com / desingwithplants.com